Police arrested a 52-year-old woman in relation to the incident who has since been released pending summons.
The meat is currently being tested to determine what was placed inside.
As a result of an increased number of dog baiting incidents, the Stonnington City Council management team have increased their patrols.
A spokesperson for the council said that pet owners who suspect their animal may have poisoned should contact the vet straight away.
"If you suspect your dog has eaten a poisoned bait please contact your vet immediately," the council said.
According to RSPCA Victoria inspector team leader Michelle Green, the number of dog baiting incidents has risen by 25 percent over the past financial year.
"RSPCA Victoria is aware of allegations of poisonous baits being placed in public areas across some of Melbourne's council areas recently," she said.
"We are disappointed and concerned by this alleged deliberate act of cruelty, which can have a detrimental impact to the welfare of animals."
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